{"id":3913,"date":"2017-01-20T15:11:00","date_gmt":"2017-01-20T15:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/?p=3913"},"modified":"2026-01-26T16:28:05","modified_gmt":"2026-01-26T16:28:05","slug":"molecular-recognition-of-ternary-complexes-for-targeted-protein-degradation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/2017\/01\/20\/molecular-recognition-of-ternary-complexes-for-targeted-protein-degradation\/","title":{"rendered":"Molecular recognition of ternary complexes for targeted protein degradation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/essays.biochemistry.org\/content\/61\/5\/505\">Read our review<\/a><\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-3913 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"439\" height=\"440\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Journal special issue: the cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.jpg 439w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 439px) 100vw, 439px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"496\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_-1024x496.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 1. Comparison of binary and ternary therapeutic approaches\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_-1024x496.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_-300x145.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_-768x372.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_-1024x614.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 2. Molecular glues\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_-1024x614.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"595\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_-1024x595.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 3. Proteolysis-targeting chimaeras\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_-1024x595.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_-300x174.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_-768x446.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"462\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_-1024x462.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 4. Existing mindset in PROTAC design and optimization\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_-1024x462.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_-768x346.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_-1024x650.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 5. PROTAC-induced ternary complexes and their biophysical properties\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_-1024x650.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_-768x488.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_-1024x430.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 6. The process of PROTAC development&quot;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_-1024x430.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_-300x126.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_-768x323.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/essays.biochemistry.org\/content\/61\/5\/505\">Read our review<\/a><\/p>\n<div id='gallery-2' class='gallery galleryid-3913 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"439\" height=\"440\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Journal special issue: the cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.jpg 439w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 439px) 100vw, 439px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"496\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_-1024x496.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 1. Comparison of binary and ternary therapeutic approaches\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_-1024x496.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_-300x145.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_-768x372.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F1.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"614\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_-1024x614.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 2. Molecular glues\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_-1024x614.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_-768x461.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F2.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"595\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_-1024x595.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 3. Proteolysis-targeting chimaeras\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_-1024x595.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_-300x174.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_-768x446.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F3.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"462\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_-1024x462.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 4. Existing mindset in PROTAC design and optimization\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_-1024x462.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_-768x346.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F4.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_-1024x650.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 5. PROTAC-induced ternary complexes and their biophysical properties\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_-1024x650.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_-768x488.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F5.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_-1024x430.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Figure 6. The process of PROTAC development&quot;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_-1024x430.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_-300x126.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_-768x323.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2025\/01\/F6.large_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Read our review Read our review<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-19"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3913","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3913"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3913\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4871,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3913\/revisions\/4871"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}