{"id":2240,"date":"2020-10-15T16:39:00","date_gmt":"2020-10-15T15:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/?p=2240"},"modified":"2026-01-26T16:28:03","modified_gmt":"2026-01-26T16:28:03","slug":"synthetic-medicinal-chemistry-of-phosphotyrosine-analogues-and-phosphomimetics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/2020\/10\/15\/synthetic-medicinal-chemistry-of-phosphotyrosine-analogues-and-phosphomimetics\/","title":{"rendered":"Synthetic medicinal chemistry of phosphotyrosine analogues and phosphomimetics"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Our review on synthetic medicinal chemistry of phosphotyrosine analogues and phosphomimetics is now published in RSC Medicinal Chemistry.<\/p>\n<p>Congratulations to Nikolai on this comprehensive timely review. Hope people find this useful!\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D0MD00272K\">Read the Open Access full article<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Authors<\/strong>: Nikolai Makukhin and Alessio Ciulli*<\/p>\n<p><strong>Title<\/strong>: Recent advances in synthetic and medicinal chemistry of phosphotyrosine and phosphonate-based phosphotyrosine analogues<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Phosphotyrosine-containing compounds attract significant attention due to their potential to modulate signalling pathways by binding to phospho-writers, erasers and readers such as SH2 and PTB domain containing proteins. Phosphotyrosine derivatives provide useful chemical tools to study protein phosphorylation\/dephosphorylation, and as such represent attractive starting points for the development of binding ligands and chemical probes to study biology, and for inhibitor and degrader drug design. To overcome enzymatic lability of the phosphate group, physiologically stable phosphonate-based phosphotyrosine analogues find utility in a wide range of applications. This review covers advances over the last decade in the design of phosphotyrosine and its phosphonate-based derivatives, highlights the improved and expanded synthetic toolbox, and illustrates applications in medicinal chemistry.<\/p>\n<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-2240 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-large'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/ToC-revised-01-phosphotyrosine-1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"512\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/ToC-revised-01-phosphotyrosine-1-1024x512.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Phosphotyrosine expanded toolbox graphic\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/ToC-revised-01-phosphotyrosine-1-1024x512.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/ToC-revised-01-phosphotyrosine-1-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/ToC-revised-01-phosphotyrosine-1-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/ToC-revised-01-phosphotyrosine-1-1536x768.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/ToC-revised-01-phosphotyrosine-1.jpg 1890w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-2-1.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-2-1-850x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Fig. 1 Structural basis of molecular recognition specificity of pY-reader domain interactions.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-2-1-850x1024.jpg 850w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-2-1-249x300.jpg 249w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-2-1-768x925.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-2-1-1275x1536.jpg 1275w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-2-1-1700x2048.jpg 1700w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-2-1.jpg 1772w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-3.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"651\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-3-651x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Fig. 2 Commercially available phosphotyrosine (A) and phosphonodifluoromethyl phenylalanine (F2pmp) (B)-based building blocks\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-3-651x1024.jpg 651w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-3-191x300.jpg 191w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-3-768x1208.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-3.jpg 886w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 651px) 100vw, 651px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-4.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"910\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-4-1024x910.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Scheme 1 Synthetic strategies for the synthesis of phosphotyrosine. Available methods to synthesize a pY building block are shown\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-4-1024x910.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-4-300x267.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-4-768x683.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-4-1536x1365.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-4.jpg 1890w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-5.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"981\" height=\"964\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-5.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Fig. 3 Cyclosaligenyl phosphotyrosine mimetic targeting SAP\u2013SLAM interactions.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-5.jpg 981w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-5-300x295.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-5-768x755.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 981px) 100vw, 981px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-6.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"351\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-6-1024x351.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Scheme 2 Site-selective phosphorylation of a tyrosine-containing peptide.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-6-1024x351.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-6-300x103.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-6-768x264.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-6-1536x527.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-6.jpg 2043w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-7.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"710\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-7-1024x710.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Fig. 4 Recent applications and advances in the phosphoramidite approach\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-7-1024x710.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-7-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-7-768x533.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-7-1536x1065.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-7.jpg 2043w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-8.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"827\" height=\"365\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-8.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Scheme 3 Novel one-pot synthesis of Fmoc-Tyr(PO(OBzl)OH)-OH\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-8.jpg 827w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-8-300x132.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-8-768x339.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 827px) 100vw, 827px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-9.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"879\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-9-879x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Fig. 5 Aminophosphoryl chloride approach in phosphotyrosine synthesis.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-9-879x1024.jpg 879w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-9-257x300.jpg 257w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-9-768x895.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-9-1318x1536.jpg 1318w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-9-1757x2048.jpg 1757w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-9.jpg 2043w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 879px) 100vw, 879px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-10.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"727\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-10-727x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Fig. 6 Aminophosphoryl chloride approach in phosphotyrosine synthesis.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-10-727x1024.jpg 727w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-10-213x300.jpg 213w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-10-768x1081.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-10.jpg 981w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-11.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"827\" height=\"368\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-11.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Scheme 4 Lewis acid catalysed tyrosine phosphorylation with pyrophosphates\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-11.jpg 827w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-11-300x133.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-11-768x342.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 827px) 100vw, 827px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-12.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"185\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-12-1024x185.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Scheme 5 Palladium-catalyzed mono-arylation of the \u03b2-methyl group of alanine\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-12-1024x185.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-12-300x54.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-12-768x139.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-12-1536x278.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-12.jpg 2043w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-13.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-13-1024x585.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Scheme 5 Palladium-catalyzed mono-arylation of the \u03b2-methyl group of alanine.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-13-1024x585.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-13-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-13-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-13-1536x877.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-13.jpg 1949w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-14.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"748\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-14-1024x748.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Fig. 7 Recent application of F2Pmp in drug design.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-14-1024x748.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-14-300x219.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-14-768x561.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-14-1536x1122.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-14.jpg 1890w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-15.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"697\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-15-697x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Fig. 8 Recent advances in the F2Pmp synthesis\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-15-697x1024.jpg 697w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-15-204x300.jpg 204w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-15-768x1129.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-15.jpg 981w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 697px) 100vw, 697px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon landscape'>\n\t\t\t\t<a href='https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-16.jpg'><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"510\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-16-1024x510.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Fig. 9 Benzoylphosphonates as phosphotyrosine mimetics.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-16-1024x510.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-16-300x149.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-16-768x382.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-16-1536x765.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2024\/01\/phosphotyrosine-review-16.jpg 2043w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Our review on synthetic medicinal chemistry of phosphotyrosine analogues and phosphomimetics is now published in RSC Medicinal Chemistry. Congratulations to Nikolai on this comprehensive timely review. Hope people find this useful!\u00a0 Read the Open Access full article. Authors: Nikolai Makukhin and Alessio Ciulli* Title: Recent advances in synthetic and medicinal chemistry of phosphotyrosine and phosphonate-based [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2240","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-15","category-news"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2240","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2240"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2240\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4850,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2240\/revisions\/4850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2240"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2240"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.dundee.ac.uk\/alessio-ciulli\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2240"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}